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Cognitive Behavioral Approach
| How TAP Aligns |
| Observe and keep track of when and where use tobacco, along with feelings
| Session 1: Participants learn to use the “Tobacco Use Log,” to help participants understand why they use tobacco, when they use it and what they are feeling at the time. Logs are reviewed each week. |
| Address environmental cues for tobacco use, e.g., stressful situations, social influences
| Several sessions address environmental cues including Session 2: “Ladders and Walls,” “Why do you Smoke or Chew?” Different Type of Tobacco Users, The Four D’s; Session 3: What to Do Instead of Smoking or Chewing; Session 5: Stress Management exercises; Session 6: Triggers to Smoke or Chew and Coping Strategies”; Session 7: Refusal Skills. |
| Identify and address disbeliefs about smoking, e.g., helps one to relax, most people smoke
| In Session 1, participants complete the tobacco use survey in which they are asked about their perceptions and beliefs about tobacco. In Session 2, the survey is interpreted with the class. Students use critical thinking skills to weigh the pros and cons to using. Perceptions are challenged and disbeliefs clarified. |
| Set goals – be specific and reasonable for short-term and long-term
| Beginning in Session 4 and continuing through Session 7, participants set weekly goals to reduce and postpone their use. Further, in Session 4, participants sign the “I Quit Tobacco Contract” in which they select and commit to a quit date. Finally, participants are also challenged to set attainable nutritional and exercise goals. |
| Practice problem solving to cope with risky situations
| Problem solving and coping with risky situations are integral to each session. Specifically, in Session 2, participants learn the “Four Ds and in Session 3, they learn “What to Do Instead of Smoking or Chewing.” In Session 6, participants learn how to cope with triggers to smoke or chew. Finally, in Session 7, they learn refusal skills to cope with difficult social situations. |
| Social support for help
| The nature of the group setting provides the needed social support. Further, participants are encouraged to set up buddy systems via the telephone or email to support one another between sessions. |
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